Knowledge base

Learn more about machine vision! In our knowledge base we are explaining key technical terms about image processing. We give you an overview to topics like 3D machine vision or the established standards like CameraLink, GigE Vision or GenICam.

Filtering

Image filtering is a technique that is used to correct or enhance an image, for example to remove noise, sharpen contrast, or to highlight contours within an image.

FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)

A FPGA is a reconfigurable silicon chip that pre-processes image data in the camera or on the frame grabber and in this way relieves the load on the host.

Gauging

One of the most common applications for inspecting manufactured components is gauging. Similar to using a physical calliper or rule, a gauge tool can measure distances and angles between edges. More advanced tools can report measurements between centres of circles and the spacing of repeating forms and edges, such as gear teeth.

GenICam

The GenICam standard (GENeric Interface for CAMeras) provides generic software interfaces for all kinds of machine vision cameras whatever their hardware interface. The underlying interface used, for example, GigE Vision or CameraLink, is of no relevance. New technologies such as Camera Link HS, CoaXPress, or USB3 Vision, also rely on the GenICam standard.

Geometric correction and image de-warping

Image distortion can be caused by many factors such as lens distortion (see the optics section), or when the camera views a target at an angle to the image plane. Geometric correction is very processor intensive, but can be essential in some applications to obtain a usable image.